Which of the following are elements of demand?

Projected sales and orders are key elements of demand because they directly represent customer intentions and purchasing behavior. In the context of demand planning, projected sales provide insights into how much product is anticipated to be sold over a given timeframe, while orders indicate actual customer commitments to purchase. Understanding these two components enables organizations to better anticipate their inventory needs, align supply chain activities, and optimize production schedules.

By focusing on projected sales and orders, businesses can create more accurate demand forecasts that help in planning resources effectively. This approach ensures that organizations can meet customer demand without overproducing or understocking, leading to increased efficiency and customer satisfaction.

The other options include elements that relate to inventory management or production planning rather than the pure demand aspect, which is primarily concerned with understanding customer requirements and purchasing actions.